![]() ![]() In relation to public health, with the aim to raise awareness toward In this review, weĪttempt to summarize the current status of e-waste recycling in the U.S. Occupational and environmental protection standards. Relevance to the future global e-waste movement, resource recovery,Īpplication of environmentally friendly recycling technologies, and Little is known, however, about public health related to e-waste Recycling boomed in the past two to three decades, particularly inĬhina, India, Ghana, Nigeria, and other developing countries (Asante etĪl., 2011 Bi et al., 2007 Chan et al., 2007 Feldt et al., 2014 HuoĮt al., 2007 Leung et al., 2010 Li et al., 2011 Ling, Han, & Xu,Ģ008 Ni, Chen, et al., 2010 Tue et al., 2010 Wang et al., 2011 Xu etĪl., 2015 Yang et al., 2013 Yang et al., 2015 Zheng et al., 2008). Evidence is strong regarding extensive occupational andĮnvironmental contaminations in locations where informal sector e-waste Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), also exist in e-waste (Tsydenova &įurther, the heating and open-fire burning used in informal sectorĮ-waste recycling in developing countries can generate toxic polycyclicĪromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dioxins/furans (Chen, Dietrich, Huo, NonPBDE flame retardants, including tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Including iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) (Julander et al., 2014). Nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt), thallium (Te), tungsten (W), vanadium (V),Īnd metals that are nutrients but excessive intake can be toxic, Other potentially toxic metals including antimony (Sb), barium (Ba),īeryllium (Be), cobalt (Co), gallium (Ga), indium (In), molybdenum (Mo), Mercury (Hg, in batteries, switches, and flat panel screens), hexavalentĬhromium (Cr, in steel housing), polyvinyl chloride (PVC, in cablesĪnd computer housing), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs, asįlame retardants in printed circuit boards, plastic covers, and cables) Tube TVs or monitors), cadmium (Cd, in batteries and resistors), ![]() Sectors rarely use personal protective equipment such as gloves,Įlectronic devices contain many toxicants: lead (Pb, in cathode ray With simple handheld tools and methods (e.g., cutting, hammering, heat Residential homes, public roads, and river sides, to recycle e-waste These informal sectors often use convenient locations, such as Jones, 2014 LaDou & Lovegrove, 2008 Sthiannopkao & Wong,Ģ013). Spread environmental contaminations (Breivik, Armitage, Wania, & Occupational and environmental pollution control, and cause widely ![]() Predominantly by informal sectors that are not regulated, lack Production of e-waste reached 48.9 million metric tons in 2012, and willīe 65.4 million metric tons in 2017 (StEP, 2014).Ī significant proportion (~23%) of e-waste generated in developedĬountries is exported to developing countries for recycling, Solving the E-waste Problem (StEP) Initiative, the annual global Phones, printers, copiers, video players, telephones, and informationĪnd communications technology (ICT) equipment (United NationsĮnvironment Programme, 2009). Retrieved from Įlectronic waste, or e-waste, refers to obsolete electronic devicesįor disposal, including TVs, desktop and laptop computers, mobileĬomputers (notebooks, netbooks, tablets, e-book readers), cellular ![]() APA style: E-waste management in the United States and public health implications.E-waste management in the United States and public health implications." Retrieved from 2016 National Environmental Health Association 18 Jun. MLA style: "E-waste management in the United States and public health implications." The Free Library.The company is expected to raise a round of funding in the coming weeks.Īnother new company in tech recycling and repurposing is TechForward, which launched a buy-back program offered to consumers at the point of sale. Data is erased and the products are then resold or recycled.Īnother firm, called Flipswap, offers a trade-in service where it buys back used cell phones and iPhones to resell them. The company’s Gazelle’s service will buy back used electronics. Second Rotation, a company that offers a take-back service for consumer electronics, said on Monday that it has raised a series B round of funding worth $6 million. Meanwhile, there is a growing number of services aimed at taking back electronics either for resale or recycling. It is also meant to audit the use of prison labor or unauthorized release of private data. Watch CBS Videos OnlineThe point of e-Steward Initiative is to certify that toxic materials from computers and cathode-ray tubes are not dumped in developing countries, local landfills, or incinerators. ![]()
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